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TECHNICAL DOCUMENTATION

XRPL Architecture
Realtor Model

The XRP Ledger is uniquely suited for PropTech due to its native Escrow and Tokenization primitives, avoiding high gas fees and security risks of complex smart contracts on networks like Ethereum.

Why XRPL for Real Estate

Native protocol primitives designed for institutional-grade settlement.

3-5s

Settlement Speed

Real estate closings that traditionally take weeks due to banking bureaucracy can finalize instantly once payment conditions are met.

<0.01€

Transaction Costs

Fractions of a cent (drops) enable micro-transactions and commission splits without eroding profit margins, unlike networks costing €10-50 per complex transaction.

C++

Native Primitives

Escrow is built into the protocol (hardened C++), not user scripts (Solidity), drastically reducing attack surface for bugs and hacks.

The Realtor Workflow

In a traditional agreement, the realtor or notary holds the deposit. On XRPL, the Ledger holds the deposit, but the Realtor controls the "Release Switch". We propose a Multi-Signature Conditional Escrow model.

01

Tokenize

Seller mints XLS-20 NFT representing the property deed or "Right to Purchase"

02

Escrow

Buyer sends XRP or EUR stablecoin to a Crypto-Condition Escrow

03

Lock

Funds locked on ledger, only releasable with SHA-256 preimage

04

Oracle

Realtor holds the preimage key, acts as trusted oracle

05

Settle

Atomic swap: NFT to Buyer, funds to Seller, fee to Realtor

SCENARIO A — SUCCESS

Due Diligence Passes

The Realtor publishes the Preimage. The Escrow releases funds to the Seller automatically. Simultaneously (via Atomic Swap), the NFT transfers to the Buyer.

SCENARIO B — FAILURE

Deal Collapses

The Realtor does not publish the Preimage. The Escrow expires (time-based, CancelAfter) and funds automatically return to the Buyer.

Multi-Signature Implementation (2-of-3)

For a more collaborative approach mimicking a "Closing Table", a 2-of-3 Multi-Sig account is superior to a simple condition, as it distributes trust.

Signers

1

Buyer

Weight: 1

2

Seller

Weight: 1

3

Realtor (Cuandeoro)

Weight: 1

Quorum: 2 — Any two parties can authorize a transaction.

Mechanisms

Release to Seller

Requires: Seller + Realtor (or Buyer + Seller)

Refund to Buyer

Requires: Buyer + Realtor

Advantage

Realtor acts as arbiter. If Buyer and Seller agree, they can sign without the Realtor (eliminating censorship risk). If there's a dispute, the Realtor casts the deciding vote.

Fee Split (Realtor Commission)

XRPL Escrows typically have a single destination. To automate the Realtor's commission without manual intervention, we use Transaction Batching on Mainnet.

Double Escrow Pattern

The client application constructs two simultaneous escrows locked with the same cryptographic condition:

Escrow #1

97% → Seller

Condition: A

Escrow #2

3% → Realtor

Condition: A

Both are locked with the same Condition. When the Realtor reveals the preimage to unlock one, the other becomes unlockable immediately by anyone who sees the preimage on the ledger. This guarantees atomicity: The Seller cannot collect without the Realtor collecting their commission.

Technical Reference (XRPL)

JSON payload structures for core Realtor model transactions.

A. Escrow Creation (Buyer Locks Funds)

{
  "TransactionType": "EscrowCreate",
  "Account": "rBuyer...",
  "Destination": "rSeller...",
  "Amount": "500000000000", // 500k XRP (Property Price)
  "Condition": "A0258020...", // SHA-256 hash of secret preimage
  "CancelAfter": 743562000, // Time limit (if deal fails)
  "DestinationTag": 12345 // Property Deal ID reference
}

Insight: The Condition is generated by the Realtor. The Realtor delivers the Hash to the Buyer but keeps the Preimage (Key) secret until closing.

B. Escrow Completion (Realtor Closes Deal)

{
  "TransactionType": "EscrowFinish",
  "Account": "rRealtor...", // Realtor pays gas to finalize
  "Owner": "rBuyer...",
  "OfferSequence": 10, // Sequence of Creation Tx
  "Fulfillment": "A0228020..." // Secret preimage revealed
}

Insight: Anyone can send the EscrowFinish transaction as long as they have the Fulfillment code. Typically, the Realtor sends it to trigger the release.